Akemi

kubeadm安装k8s 1.30集群

2025/06/17

软件版本说明:
Rocky-linux 8.10
k8s v1.30.0
docker 26.1.3
containerd 1.7.15
circtl 1.30
calico: 3.29.4

需求镜像列表:
calico/pod2daemon-flexvol:v3.29.4
calico/node:v3.29.4
calico/cni:v3.29.4
calico/kube-controllers:v3.29.4
calico/typha:v3.29.4
calico/apiserver:v3.29.4
calico/node-driver-registrar:v3.29.4
calico/csi:v3.29.4

环境初始化

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# hostname
hostnamectl set-hostname test  && bash

# 软件包
yum install -y device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 wget net-tools nfs-utils lrzsz gcc gcc-c++ make cmake libxml2-devel openssl-devel curl curl-devel unzip sudo ntp libaio-devel wget vim ncurses-devel autoconf automake zlib-devel  python-devel epel-release openssh-server socat  ipvsadm conntrack telnet ipvsadm
yum -y update

# selinux
sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0

# firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld.service --now

# 关闭虚拟内存
swapoff -a
sed -i '$ s/^/#/' /etc/fstab

# 内核调整
modprobe br_netfilter
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

# docker源
yum -y install yum-utils
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

# k8s源，使用官方源
echo "
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/rpm/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/rpm/repodata/repomd.xml.key
" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo

# 时间同步
yum -y install chrony
sed -i 's/^server/#server/g' /etc/chrony.conf
sed -i '1s/^/server cn.pool.ntp.org iburst\n/' /etc/chrony.conf

容器安装配置

k8s 1.30需要containerd版本在1.7以上，原本的1.6.6没法用

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# 容器运行时安装，二进制包安装与service配置
wget https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases/download/v1.7.15/containerd-1.7.15-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -C /usr/local -xzf containerd-1.7.15-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/containerd/containerd/main/containerd.service -O /etc/systemd/system/containerd.service
systemctl daemon-reload

# 容器运行时配置
mkdir -p /etc/containerd
containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml
vim /etc/containerd/config.toml
SystemdCgroup = true
sandbox_image = "registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.9"
config_path = "/etc/containerd/certs.d"

# 配置镜像加速器
mkdir /etc/containerd/certs.d/docker.io/ -p
echo '[host."https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",host."https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
host."https://ghcr.io",host."https://mirror.baidubce.com",host."https://docker.nju.edu.cn"]
  capabilities = ["pull"]
 '> /etc/containerd/certs.d/docker.io/hosts.toml
systemctl enable containerd.service --now
systemctl restart containerd

# 安装cni插件，可选
mkdir -p /etc/cni/net.d /opt/cni/bin 
wget https://mirrors.chenby.cn/https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v1.5.1/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.5.1.tgz
tar -C /opt/cni/bin -xzvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.5.1.tgz

# 安装与配置docker
yum install -y docker-ce && systemctl enable docker --now
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"registry-mirrors":["https://a88uijg4.mirror.aliyuncs.com",
"https://docker.lmirror.top",
"https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
"https://hub.uuuadc.top",
"https://docker.anyhub.us.kg",
"https://dockerhub.jobcher.com",
"https://dockerhub.icu",
"https://docker.ckyl.me",
"https://docker.awsl9527.cn",
"https://docker.laoex.link",
"https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

# 安装兼容1.30的circtl
CRICTL_VERSION="v1.30.0"
wget https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases/download/${CRICTL_VERSION}/crictl-${CRICTL_VERSION}-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxvf crictl-${CRICTL_VERSION}-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/bin
crictl -v

# 配置circtl
cat > /etc/crictl.yaml <<EOF
runtime-endpoint: unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock
image-endpoint: unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock
timeout: 10
debug: false
EOF

开始安装

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# 安装命令行
yum -y install kubectl-1.30.0 kubelet-1.30.0 kubeadm-1.30.0
systemctl enable kubelet

# 生成配置文件并修改
kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm.yaml
cat kubeadm.yaml
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
  - system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
  token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
  ttl: 24h0m0s
  usages:
  - signing
  - authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
  advertiseAddress: 192.168.10.151
  bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:
  criSocket: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
  imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  name: test
  taints: null
---
apiServer:
  timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controllerManager: {}
dns: {}
etcd:
  local:
    dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: 1.30.0
networking:
  dnsDomain: cluster.local
  serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
scheduler: {}
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs
---
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
cgroupDriver: systemd

# 看看需要哪些镜像
kubeadm config images pull --config=kubeadm.yaml
[config/images] Pulled registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.30.0
[config/images] Pulled registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.30.0
[config/images] Pulled registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.30.0
[config/images] Pulled registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.30.0
[config/images] Pulled registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:v1.11.3
[config/images] Pulled registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.9
[config/images] Pulled registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.5.15-0

# 直接进行安装
kubeadm init --config=kubeadm.yaml
...
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

# 测试
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

kubectl get nodes
NAME   STATUS     ROLES           AGE     VERSION
test   NotReady   control-plane   8m25s   v1.30.0

尝试使用编译的kubeadm进行安装

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kubeadm reset -f

cd kubernetes-release-1.30/

vim cmd/kubeadm/app/constants/constants.go
CertificateValidity = time.Hour * 24 * 365 * 10

vim staging/src/k8s.io/client-go/util/cert/cert.go
NotAfter:  time.Now().Add(duration365d * 100).UTC(),

cd build/
./run.sh make kubeadm

cd ..
cp _output/dockerized/bin/linux/amd64/kubeadm /usr/bin/kubeadm

cd ~
kubeadm init --config=kubeadm.yaml
...
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

# 验证证书有效期
kubeadm certs check-expiration
[check-expiration] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[check-expiration] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -o yaml'

CERTIFICATE                EXPIRES                  RESIDUAL TIME   CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY   EXTERNALLY MANAGED
admin.conf                 Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              ca                      no
apiserver                  Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              ca                      no
apiserver-etcd-client      Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              etcd-ca                 no
apiserver-kubelet-client   Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              ca                      no
controller-manager.conf    Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              ca                      no
etcd-healthcheck-client    Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              etcd-ca                 no
etcd-peer                  Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              etcd-ca                 no
etcd-server                Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              etcd-ca                 no
front-proxy-client         Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              front-proxy-ca          no
scheduler.conf             Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              ca                      no
super-admin.conf           Jun 15, 2035 06:55 UTC   9y              ca                      no

CERTIFICATE AUTHORITY   EXPIRES                  RESIDUAL TIME   EXTERNALLY MANAGED
ca                      May 24, 2125 06:55 UTC   99y             no
etcd-ca                 May 24, 2125 06:55 UTC   99y             no
front-proxy-ca          May 24, 2125 06:55 UTC   99y             no

安装calico

根据官方文档，支持k8s 1.30的calico版本为3.29与3.28，我们选3.29.4

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# 安装operator
kubectl create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectcalico/calico/v3.29.4/manifests/tigera-operator.yaml

# 下载custom-resources配置文件
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectcalico/calico/v3.29.4/manifests/custom-resources.yaml

vim custom-resources.yaml
# This section includes base Calico installation configuration.
# For more information, see: https://docs.tigera.io/calico/latest/reference/installation/api#operator.tigera.io/v1.Installation
apiVersion: operator.tigera.io/v1
kind: Installation
metadata:
  name: default
spec:
  # Configures Calico networking.
  calicoNetwork:
    ipPools:
    - name: default-ipv4-ippool
      blockSize: 26
      cidr: 10.244.0.0/16 # 需要和pod网段一致
      encapsulation: IPIP # 使用IPIP作为通信协议
      natOutgoing: Enabled
      nodeSelector: all()

---

# This section configures the Calico API server.
# For more information, see: https://docs.tigera.io/calico/latest/reference/installation/api#operator.tigera.io/v1.APIServer
apiVersion: operator.tigera.io/v1
kind: APIServer
metadata:
  name: default
spec: {}

# 应用配置
kubectl apply -f custom-resources.yaml

准备镜像

折磨的来了，直接应用由于缺少加速器，所以没法直接拉取完calico的镜像

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kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE          NAME                                       READY   STATUS                  RESTARTS   AGE
calico-apiserver   calico-apiserver-677d9487d4-4rf4s          0/1     Pending                 0          8m51s
calico-apiserver   calico-apiserver-677d9487d4-zzwhr          0/1     Pending                 0          8m51s
calico-system      calico-kube-controllers-64995687c5-wgl2j   0/1     Pending                 0          8m50s
calico-system      calico-node-lw8qs                          0/1     Init:ImagePullBackOff   0          8m50s
calico-system      calico-typha-85c9665d4-fgw48               0/1     ImagePullBackOff        0          8m51s

所需镜像:
calico/pod2daemon-flexvol:v3.29.4
calico/node:v3.29.4
calico/cni:v3.29.4
calico/kube-controllers:v3.29.4
calico/typha:v3.29.4
calico/apiserver:v3.29.4
calico/node-driver-registrar:v3.29.4
calico/csi:v3.29.4

手动用docker pull拉取
然后进行打包:
docker save -o calico3.29.4.tar.gz calico/pod2daemon-flexvol:v3.29.4 \
calico/node:v3.29.4 calico/cni:v3.29.4 calico/kube-controllers:v3.29.4 \
calico/typha:v3.29.4 calico/apiserver:v3.29.4 \
calico/node-driver-registrar:v3.29.4 calico/csi:v3.29.4

导入到crictl
ctr -n k8s.io images import calico3.29.tar.gz
unpacking docker.io/calico/pod2daemon-flexvol:v3.29.4 (sha256:5299a80c2fce746be4f826f46a9fa00c9c49483452b1e9327db01cf76b974a42)...done
unpacking docker.io/calico/node:v3.29.4 (sha256:b26fe2fce2f90024603be3ae01a17686225ec60378e883570b641d8924b2b4f1)...done
unpacking docker.io/calico/cni:v3.29.4 (sha256:da01953361f7c400cb43d41c7909658b1a568f843f8c5d059115687ae432fe93)...done
unpacking docker.io/calico/kube-controllers:v3.29.4 (sha256:a67819621d64e176a2c76e72cc72ba35fb15fa7ed80a2ef2138ff3b62cfc3a45)...done
unpacking docker.io/calico/typha:v3.29.4 (sha256:1ea9ead7ad1ecade3daacc3b2e037196bde41232d59627332ab33c5ed2a1df98)...done
unpacking docker.io/calico/apiserver:v3.29.4 (sha256:11f25cc04d82f42c79f55015240eb99415639b5afadba9618dcd2553cfb468df)...done
unpacking docker.io/calico/node-driver-registrar:v3.29.4 (sha256:f319dbe79fbebb4f896ba0c2e5fdd7812887c6883354b951b484670cd3081f80)...done

kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE          NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
calico-apiserver   calico-apiserver-677d9487d4-4rf4s          1/1     Running   0          28m
calico-apiserver   calico-apiserver-677d9487d4-zzwhr          1/1     Running   0          28m
calico-system      calico-kube-controllers-64995687c5-plvcw   1/1     Running   0          10m
calico-system      calico-node-9xjc8                          1/1     Running   0          10m
calico-system      calico-typha-85c9665d4-npj9w               1/1     Running   0          10m
calico-system      csi-node-driver-4hfrv                      2/2     Running   0          10m
kube-system        coredns-6d58d46f65-bjtwd                   1/1     Running   0          49m
kube-system        coredns-6d58d46f65-hpkz8                   1/1     Running   0          49m
kube-system        etcd-test                                  1/1     Running   1          49m
kube-system        kube-apiserver-test                        1/1     Running   2          49m
kube-system        kube-controller-manager-test               1/1     Running   2          49m
kube-system        kube-proxy-m698k                           1/1     Running   0          49m
kube-system        kube-scheduler-test                        1/1     Running   2          49m
tigera-operator    tigera-operator-767c6b76db-gzklb           1/1     Running   0          49m

加入新节点

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# 环境初始化
yum install -y device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 wget net-tools nfs-utils lrzsz gcc gcc-c++ make cmake libxml2-devel openssl-devel curl curl-devel unzip sudo ntp libaio-devel wget vim ncurses-devel autoconf automake zlib-devel  python-devel epel-release openssh-server socat  ipvsadm conntrack telnet ipvsadm
yum -y update

# selinux
sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0

# firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld.service --now

# 关闭虚拟内存
swapoff -a
sed -i '$ s/^/#/' /etc/fstab

# 内核调整
modprobe br_netfilter
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

# docker源
yum -y install yum-utils
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

# k8s源，使用官方源
echo "
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/rpm/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/rpm/repodata/repomd.xml.key
" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo

# 时间同步
yum -y install chrony
sed -i 's/^server/#server/g' /etc/chrony.conf
sed -i '1s/^/server cn.pool.ntp.org iburst\n/' /etc/chrony.conf

# 容器运行时安装，二进制包安装与service配置
wget https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases/download/v1.7.15/containerd-1.7.15-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -C /usr/local -xzf containerd-1.7.15-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/containerd/containerd/main/containerd.service -O /etc/systemd/system/containerd.service
systemctl daemon-reload

# 容器运行时配置
mkdir -p /etc/containerd
containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml
vim /etc/containerd/config.toml
SystemdCgroup = true
sandbox_image = "registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.9"
config_path = "/etc/containerd/certs.d"

# 配置镜像加速器
mkdir /etc/containerd/certs.d/docker.io/ -p
echo '[host."https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",host."https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
host."https://ghcr.io",host."https://mirror.baidubce.com",host."https://docker.nju.edu.cn"]
  capabilities = ["pull"]
 '> /etc/containerd/certs.d/docker.io/hosts.toml
systemctl enable containerd.service --now
systemctl restart containerd

# 安装docker
yum install -y docker-ce && systemctl enable docker --now
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"registry-mirrors":["https://a88uijg4.mirror.aliyuncs.com",
"https://docker.lmirror.top",
"https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
"https://hub.uuuadc.top",
"https://docker.anyhub.us.kg",
"https://dockerhub.jobcher.com",
"https://dockerhub.icu",
"https://docker.ckyl.me",
"https://docker.awsl9527.cn",
"https://docker.laoex.link",
"https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

# 安装兼容1.30的circtl
CRICTL_VERSION="v1.30.0"
wget https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases/download/${CRICTL_VERSION}/crictl-${CRICTL_VERSION}-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxvf crictl-${CRICTL_VERSION}-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/bin
crictl -v

# 配置circtl
cat > /etc/crictl.yaml <<EOF
runtime-endpoint: unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock
image-endpoint: unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock
timeout: 10
debug: false
EOF

# 安装二进制文件
yum -y install kubectl-1.30.0 kubelet-1.30.0 kubeadm-1.30.0
systemctl enable kubelet

# 从主节点上进行一手镜像传送与导入
scp calico3.29.4.tar.gz root@192.168.10.231:~
ctr -n k8s.io images import calico3.29.4.tar.gz

# 加入集群
kubeadm join 192.168.10.151:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:439a18ace6c78450a8fae8fccff53617605183033e1fe61a0aec2a6ec51b5313

[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
        [WARNING FileExisting-tc]: tc not found in system path
[preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -o yaml'
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[kubelet-check] Waiting for a healthy kubelet. This can take up to 4m0s
[kubelet-check] The kubelet is healthy after 501.136901ms
[kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap

This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.

Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.

此时在主节点上进行查看，可以看到已经ready了
kubectl get nodes
NAME    STATUS   ROLES           AGE     VERSION
slave   Ready    <none>          5m22s   v1.30.0
test    Ready    control-plane   85m     v1.30.0

kubectl get pods -A -owide | grep slave
calico-system      calico-node-h2lcc                          1/1     Running   1               7m48s   192.168.10.231   slave   <none>           <none>
calico-system      csi-node-driver-v2bwf                      2/2     Running   3 (2m20s ago)   7m48s   10.244.25.0      slave   <none>           <none>
kube-system        kube-proxy-48dd5                           1/1     Running   1               7m48s   192.168.10.231   slave   <none>           <none>

原文作者：王盛

原文链接：https://akemi.zj.cn/2025/06/17/K8s-1-30install/

发表日期：June 17th 2025, 3:01:02 pm

更新日期：June 17th 2025, 5:12:20 pm

版权声明：本文采用知识共享署名-非商业性使用 4.0 国际许可协议进行许可

CATALOG
  1. 1. 环境初始化
  2. 2. 容器安装配置
  3. 3. 开始安装
  4. 4. 尝试使用编译的kubeadm进行安装
  5. 5. 安装calico
    1. 5.1. 准备镜像
  6. 6. 加入新节点
Total : 229
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